What Are Sequencers in Layer 2 Protocols Such as Optimism, Arbitrum, and Base? - Rollup networks like Optimism, Arbitrum, and Base have emerged as high throughput alternatives to the Ethereum main chain as part of the effort to scale Ethereum. These layer 2 protocols execute transactions off-chain, with only the resulting state submitted to the Ethereum network. The success of Ethereum rollup networks is reflected ...